What is the average real estate agent salary?

We get asked what the average real estate agent salary is a lot, so let's talk a bit about how much real estate agents get paid. According to Payscale.com in 2024 the average real estate agent in the US makes between $27,000 and $152,000 a year, and in 2023 the highest performing agent in Massachusetts sold over $454 *million* in real estate according to MLS. It's probably safe to say that they were paid a lot more than $152,000 in commissions. So that's a really wide range of possible incomes!

Why is there so much variation in how much real estate agents make? There's lots of different reasons, which we'll talk about in this article. The first big factor is that your average real estate agent is paid as a 1099 independent contractor, which means that they're only paid when they make a sale. This means that when an agent makes a sale they're paid a commission on the property's sale price. There's nothing that requires this, and some agents are instead paid salary or hourly, but it is the most common payment structure as of writing. The commission amount paid is negotiated when buyers and sellers work with agents to buy or sell a property. The amount of the commission depends on a lot of different factors, like the agent's experience, what other competing agents offered to charge, what sector of the market the property is in, and so forth.

Because real estate agents are often paid as independent contractors, their pay structure is unique when they get paid a commission. Not sure what an independent contractor is? From Wikipedia:

An independent contractor is a natural person, business, or corporation that provides goods or services to another entity under terms specified in a contract or within a verbal agreement. Unlike an employee, an independent contractor does not work regularly for an employer but works as and when required, during which time he or she may be subject to law of agency. Independent contractors are usually paid on a freelance basis. (Emphasis mine)

What this means in plain English is that real estate salespeople are often treated as though they're self-employed; if they do well, they get paid well, and vice-versa. This means that the sky's the limit when it comes to your annual salary as a real estate agent, but it also means that your pay is proportionate to your effort. You can't just sit back, relax, and expect to cash a fat paycheck at the end of the week. Real estate sales is one of the few jobs where merit and hard work, rather than seniority and office politics, determines how much you get paid. Good news for those that are tired of the 9-5 grind and waiting for a promotion, but you can't expect to cash an easy paycheck every week if you haven’t sold any homes!

Also, keep in mind that choosing to specialize in either sales or rentals will have a significant impact on how much money you make (if you're looking at getting into commercial real estate, that's a whole other ball game - this article is a great primer on getting into commercial real estate). Basically, you can break down the difference between specializing in sales and rentals like this: there's more money in selling homes, but renting apartments is easier to get started in.

Why is there usually more money in sales? It's because commissions in sales are often significantly larger than rental commissions because the transactions are so much larger. Sales agents often negotiate to get paid a percentage of the home's sales price or charge a fixed fee, while rental agents often negotiate to be paid some portion of the rental amount as commission (or again charge a fixed fee). Because average sales prices tend to be much higher than average rental amounts (though not *always*, such as in commercial real estate), the corresponding commissions tend to be larger as well (though again, not always).

But keep in mind that building up your business as a sales agent is a challenge, and sales transactions take much longer and take much more work than rentals. After all, for many people this is the largest transaction of their lives with a potential timeline of over three months. You wouldn't choose just any old agent to help you make that transaction! By comparison, building a rental business is more straightforward, and rental transactions close much more quickly (usually in days): advertise rental listings online, which are often provided to you by your office, and you'll have plenty of inquiries and prospective tenants to work with. All of the hard work in rentals begins after advertising the property, when you need to provide excellent service to your client (most often the landlord) and their future tenants. Because of this, starting with a mix of rentals and sales often makes a lot of sense for new agents, since jumping straight into sales can mean spending three to six months building up a client base without making much money.

So how much money can you expect to make in your first year as a newly licensed real estate agent? That depends on your market. According to Simply Hired, first year agents across the entire United States can expect to make an average income of about $33,000 – not bad for an entry level position in an industry that, on average, scales up to a potential $152,000 income. But keep in mind that the $33,000 figure is based on the national average. Your local market will have a big impact on your earning potential. For example, Massachusetts, with it's expensive housing market and high real agent commissions, has a much higher average income for real estate agents: the average Massachusetts real estate sales agent makes $79,060 per year according to Forbes, and the average Boston real estate broker makes $117,024 per year according to the Salary.com. That's almost double the national average real estate agent income based on pay scale sites. So you could expect to make decent money as a new agent in Boston (though the big bucks won't come until after you've built up your client base over a few years with hard work and good customer service).

Whether you work in residential or commercial real estate will also impact how much you earn. Commercial real estate brokers make a bit more than residential brokers in Boston: according to the Boston Business Journal the average commercial broker in Boston earns $115,440. That's about $12,000 more per year on average than residential brokers in Boston.

The last factor that impacts sales agent incomes is the strength of the housing market in your state. All real estate is local, as the saying goes, and therefore your local real estate market will dictate your earning potential. Thankfully for Massachusetts real estate agents, our real estate prices are still at historic highs despite elevated interest rates. For example, in Chilmark, MA home prices are up 162% since 2020. That said, inventory remains a major issue like in previous years:

Not even higher interest rates have been enough to bring Massachusetts real estate out of the stratosphere.
This summer, competition among buyers will only heat up, according to David McCarthy, president of the Massachusetts Association of Realtors. "We have such limited inventory and still a significant buyer pool," he said, which means prices are likely to remain high.

This makes the housing market more competitive for agents and their clients, especially in desirable areas. This means that it's hard work to close a deal if you are working with a buyer. You should always expect to put in hard work for every commission check you earn, but it is especially true while inventory remains constrained. But some good news may be on the horizon: experts expect inventories and sales to grow in 2024, and prices have continued to soar in 2024, especially in the northeast.

Rental agents in the Boston area have it good as well. They might even have it better than sales agents at the moment. Boston rents (and thus rental agent commissions) are very high compared to other cities, because Greater Boston rental inventories haven't kept up with job and population growth in recent years, and Boston rents recently hitting all-time highs:

[The] scarcity of apartments has helped drive Boston-area rents ever higher. The region's perennial desirability as an academic, tech and biotech hub has not helped matters: More and more people want to live here (despite the winters!) and the housing demand, for a variety of reasons (poor public policy, high construction costs, low-density land use for generations now), far outpaces the supply every year. The rental population in the region grew 23 percent.

Not the best market if you're hunting for a new apartment (and something that the state is gladly working to fix), but it's a good market if you're a rental agent.

So to sum it up: if you're interested in getting your real estate license Massachusetts is a great place to get it, but expect for it to take time and a lot of hard work if you want to make really good money (think six figures or more). If you're willing to put in the work, though, the sky is quite literally the limit!